站長資訊網由于公司需要安裝了私有云盤，并且強制要求使用MySQL，我進行了編譯安裝，大多數文章安裝在/目錄下，由于/目錄太小，我掛載了一塊磁盤，安裝在掛載磁盤上。后續還有數據安全等操作，以后會持續更新
一、環境說明
- CentOS 7以上
- SELinux關閉
- 防火墻關閉
二、安裝Nginx
添加EPEL包的倉庫源
yum -y install epel-release
通過EPEL倉庫來安裝Nginx
yum -y install nginx
三、安裝PHP7和PHP7-FPM
卸載原有php
yum list installed | grep php
yum remove `yum list installed | grep php`
添加 PHP7-FPM webtatic 倉庫，并安裝PHP7以及功能相關的包
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
yum -y install php70w-fpm php70w-cli php70w-gd php70w-mcrypt php70w-mysql php70w-pear php70w-xml php70w-mbstring php70w-pdo php70w-json php70w-pecl-apcu php70w-pecl-apcu-devel
四、配置PHP-FPM
我們需要配置 php-fpm 與 Nginx 協同運行。php7-fpm 將使用 nginx 用戶來運行，并監聽 9000 端口。
使用 vim 編輯默認的 php7-fpm 配置文件。
vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
修改以下不連續的記錄點，修改用戶，指定端口，啟用環境變量。
#Line 8，10
user = nginx
group = nginx
#Line 22
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
#Line 366-370
env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp
保存文件并退出 vim 編輯器.
需要在 /var/lib/ 目錄下創建一個新的文件夾 session，并將其擁有者變更為 nginx 用戶。最后啟動 php-fpm 和 Nginx，并且將它們設置為隨開機啟動的服務。（不創建授權無法登錄）
mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session
chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/
sudo systemctl start php-fpm
sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable php-fpm
sudo systemctl enable nginx
五、二進制安裝數據庫MySQL5.6.40
1.添加用戶
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
2．下載去官網
cd /usr/local/src
3．解壓
tar xf mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 ./../mysql
4.授權
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data
cd /usr/local
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
5.初始化
/usr/local/scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql
6.準備配置文件
cd /usr/local/mysql
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
修改mysql配置文件
vim /etc/my.conf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user = mysql
symbolic-links=0
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqld_safe]
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
7.啟動MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
8.設置PATH路徑
echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH’ >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
which mysql
9.設置sock軟鏈接
ln -s /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
ll /tmp/
10.設置密碼
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘waming@2030’
mysql -uroot -pwaming@2030
六、設置nextcloud數據庫
mysql -u root -p123456
輸入以下 mysql 語句來創建新的數據庫和用戶。
create database nextcloud_db;
create user ‘nextclouduser’@’localhost’ identified by ‘123456’;
grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by ‘123456’;
flush privileges;
exit
七、安裝SSL證書
我們可以自己生成SSL證書，也可以申請專業的SSL證書。
自簽名的SSL證書在使用的時候會報錯，建議使用有資質的SSL證書。
安裝過程如下：
為 SSL 文件創建新目錄：
mkdir -p /etc/nginx/cert/
可以使用OpenSSL自簽名證書，但是更推薦使用具有官方認證的SSL證書
openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.key
在該目錄下儲存申請過的SSL證書，并設置證書的權限：
chmod 700 /etc/nginx/cert
chmod 600 /etc/nginx/cert/*
八、下載和初步安裝 Nextcloud
找到正確的官方下載庫：https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/
先進入目錄，然后使用 wget 從官網下載最新的 Nextcloud 13。
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-13.0.2.zip
unzip nextcloud-13.0.2.zip
mv nextcloud /u01/
cd /u01/nextcloud
mkdir data
cd ..
chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/
九、配置Nginx轉發規則
我們需要在Nginx的配置文件下寫入有關nextcloud的轉發協議。
我們可以直接新建一個配置文件并寫入信息，當Nginx重新加載后就能使用配置文件了。
cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
vim nextcloud.conf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user = mysql
symbolic-links=0
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqld_safe]
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
[root@nextcloud-master local]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.conf
upstream php-handler {
server 127.0.0.1:9000;
#server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
# enforce https
rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name localhost;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.key;
# Add headers to serve security related headers
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
# topic first.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security “max-age=15768000;
includeSubDomains; preload;”;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options “SAMEORIGIN”;
add_header X-XSS-Protection “1; mode=block”;
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Path to the root of your installation
root /u01/nextcloud/;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you’re planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
# last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 10240M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
gzip off;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;
}
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34]).php(?:$|/) {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.*)$;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
#Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~* .(?:css|js)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
add_header Cache-Control “public, max-age=7200”;
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
# Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
# this topic first.
add_header Strict-Transport-Security “max-age=15768000;
includeSubDomains; preload;”;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-Frame-Options “SAMEORIGIN”;
add_header X-XSS-Protection “1; mode=block”;
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
# Optional: Don’t log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~* .(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
# Optional: Don’t log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
路徑更換，也許不用更換也可以，我沒有嘗試
注銷38-57行
重啟nginx
systemctl restart nginx
十、登錄
登錄輸入你自己的主機IP即可設置進入設置界面
也可以使用Mariadb，下邊是安裝配置方法
這里使用 MariaDB 作為 Nextcloud 的數據庫。可以直接使用 yum 命令從 CentOS 默認遠程倉庫中安裝 mariadb-server包。也可以安裝mysql都可以
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
使用MySQL初始化指令初始化root用戶，默認密碼為空。
mysql_secure_installation
#配置過程
Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
先使用命令登錄MySQL
mysql -u root -p
輸入以下 mysql 查詢語句來創建新的數據庫和用戶。
create database nextcloud_db;
create user ‘nextclouduser’@’localhost’ identified by ‘123456’;
grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by ‘123456’;
flush privileges;
exit
